A photo from open sources
After the decision to resume the program for the exploration of the moon of power The Russian Federation decided on the beginning of its active phase. As stated by the head Roscosmos Oleg Ostapenko, full-scale development of natural Earth satellite “will begin in the late 20s – early 30s.” Generally to study space, according to Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin, the government intends to allocate 321 billion rubles to 2025 of the year.
According to RIA Novosti, part of the amount announced by Rogozin will go on the creation of new ISS modules, as well as on the development automatic spacecraft OKA-T, which is now on station and designed to conduct experiments in conditions deep vacuum. “A lot of things are outlined,” said Rogozin.
In the designed form, as explained by Ostapenko, the draft new Federal Space Program for 2016-2025 will be Agreed by the government “soon.” According to the head space department, the program almost completely passed matching.
“This program, its formation is almost complete, we we are completing the coordination stage and in the near future it will be submitted for approval, “said Ostapenko, quoted by RIA Novosti, at a meeting at the Cosmonaut Training Center.
The new program involves, in particular, the creation of super-heavy carrier rockets, active exploration of the moon, development of a cosmonaut robot that will help the crew International Space Station (ISS) during the open space.
For comparison, the United States in accordance with its space program in the 2030s expect to make a trip man to Mars. Recently, American experts tested in Earth’s atmosphere a new technology landing on the Red Planet “flying saucer” – apparatus Low-Density Supersonic Decelerator. At the same time, an American Mars rover has been working on Mars for more than a year Curiosity
As for the ISS, at the meeting on the development of space Rogozin raised the question of how appropriate the country is to develop manned astronautics in an international aspect. Vice Prime Minister drew attention to the fact that in this geopolitical situations, given the development of economies of the leading countries of the world, Russia must be as pragmatic as possible.
“We need to determine for ourselves what we do next. I would like to hear your opinion on whether it makes sense to us continue to work as part of the manned space program in international aspect, or is it time for us to develop a purely national project “, – quotes RIA” News “Rogozin.
Earlier, the Deputy Prime Minister said that Russia after 2020 may to direct their funds to more promising space projects, than the International Space Station. And in response, the head of NASA Charles Bolden expressed the view that friction between the US and Russia over crisis in Ukraine still will not lead to the end of work international station.
Among the Russian space projects presented in the summer, there are interesting, expensive, dubious and quite feasible.
It is unlikely that all these projects will be fully implemented in future, but if that happens, another revolution will happen in space exploration.
1. Liquidator: space janitor
People have not yet mastered space, but have already managed to pollute it. According to the Space Surveillance Network, the Earth revolves around about 16,200 objects, each of which can represent a threat to new spacecraft.
There is a certain chance that the plot of the movie “Gravity”, in which two astronauts are cut off from the Earth in as a result of the destruction of their spacecraft by garbage, can come true. In August, Roscosmos announced its development plans spacecraft for cleaning the geostationary orbit from spent satellites and upper stages of space rockets. Project called “Liquidator” should be developed in the period 2018-2025 with a budget of about 10.8 billion rubles (about 300 million dollars).
2. New cosmodromes
Roscosmos plans to spend 900 billion rubles (24.3 billion dollars) for infrastructure to support spaceports. These funds will be used to expand the Plesetsk cosmodrome, as well as to complete the construction of the Vostochny spaceport and supporting the Baikonur space complex in Kazakhstan.
3. Remote sensing of the earth
Remote sensing is one of the weakest points Russian space industry. Not having a national program in outer space, Russian scientists are forced to rely on information from international satellites.
Federal space program which should being developed in 2016-2025, promises to increase presence orbiting satellites in space through the withdrawal of 26 high-tech devices worth 358 billion rubles (9.7 billion dollars).
Among the projects included in the program: Meteo-MTR, global hydrometeorological and heliophysical system of four new generation satellites; Meteo-Glob Global System meteorological sensing using visible and infrared frequencies; “Resource”, a program of three satellites, which will shoot the Earth with high and ultra-high resolution; EU-MTR, space surveillance system in case of occurrence emergency of 10 satellites in sync with the sun orbit; EU-GSO, a similar emergency response system, operating in the optical and radar ranges on geostationary orbit.
4. Base on the moon
Russian spacecraft first circled the dark side The moon and took soil samples, but we didn’t land people on the surface satellite.
Currently, Roskosmos is seriously concerned about the problems moon exploration. Agency plans to spend 280 million dollars to develop the lunar base, deliver a mobile manipulator, grader, excavator, cable cover and mobile robot on lunar surface in 2018-2025. It seems that Roskosmos wants to seriously settle on the moon.
5. Lunokhod
Lunar base without a rover – money down the drain, so Roscosmos is developing a new rover that will search for natural resources. The moon is full of resources like rare earths, titanium, uranium, which are few on Earth. It is also rich in helium-3, possible fuel for nuclear fusion. New moon transport will be called the “Moonmobile”, and its development should be completed by 2021, followed by tests for four years.
6. Superheavy rocket for Mars
In September 2014, plans to develop a superheavy rocket with a capacity of 120-150 tons of payload received preliminary approval of President Vladimir Putin. This rocket is one of the most expensive ideas of Roscosmos, and its budget is two times larger than the Angara rocket, which is currently in use. goal future rocket – flight to Mars. NASA is developing for this purpose similar apparatus.
7. “Spectrum-RG” for the study of black holes
In 2013, the Russian-German High Energy Observatory Spektr-RG was ready to launch with the goal of studying galactic clusters and black holes with the eROSITA telescope. Although the idea is in in development since the 1980s, the project received a restart only in 2005 with a budget of 135 million dollars. Several times him suspended due to delays related to German development telescope. The observatory should be ready by 2017.
Based on materials hi-news.ru
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