A photo from open sources
The next time you look up into the night sky remember that you are looking at the cemetery. The Milky Way is strewn with the dead stars – from black holes and neutron stars to dull white dwarfs. Often these star corpses talk a little about your past. But sometimes they shed light on how they – and the planets that were nearby lived and died. What to say about distant stars – even near-Earth orbit is a dump dead space technology. March 17, 1958 United States America launched Vanguard I – the fourth satellite created man, and the first solar-powered medium-Earth orbit. Communication was lost in 1964, and Vanguard became the oldest man-made object still in orbit and one of the best surviving pieces of human debris. In July 2009 operating satellites counted 902 of 30,000 man-made objects in space, literally a drop in the sea of orbital debris. In an attempt to limit the probability of collisions between existing space spacecraft and space debris, International Committee on space debris coordination decided to deduce non-functioning satellites into orbits, cemeteries. Cemetery orbits Also known as super-synchronous orbits, garbage or burial orbits, cemetery orbits occupy a space of several hundred kilometers over synchronous orbit. Movement of ships into grave orbit requires less effort than the descent of an object from orbit, and usually taken when the speed required to the accomplishments of the descent maneuver are too high. However movement of an abandoned spacecraft into a trash orbit can be complicated, requires reliable control and the same the amount of fuel needed for a satellite for three months flight. As a result, only one of the three satellite operators succeeds in bringing its ships to a trash orbit in end of their useful life. Other space junk B 70-80 years, the Soviet Union launched a series of marine observing satellites in the RORSAT program, equipping them with nuclear reactors for providing enough energy for their radars. Though most of this fleet eventually went into grave orbit, several satellites – Cosmos-954, for example – fell along with radioactive material to Earth. But even those satellites who successfully reached the trash orbit, run the risk of being pierced and start releasing coolant into space. And they risk almost 50 years. Forming drops of a few centimeters, the liquid is capable of create your own garbage field. Space debris in shape the lost equipment also does not allow the Greenpeace to live. Ed white lost a glove in space Michael Collins lost a camera during Gemini 10 mission, Mir space station threw bags of garbage. In the Earth’s orbit, a wrench rotates, a tooth flies brush. Another camera lost during the flight of the STS-116 at involving the space shuttle Discovery. And during the STS-126 Endeavor threw a box with pliers and a tool into world space. The lower stages of solid rocket boosters should, according idea, fall to Earth after launch, but the upper steps begin and end their life in orbit, joining the ranks of honor cosmic trash. NASA and US Air Force take steps to to increase the survival of accelerators, but not everyone helped. March 2000 years, the Chinese upper step spawned a cloud of debris, exploding in orbit. A similar incident occurred in February 2007, when Russian booster rocket exploded over South Australia. On the memory astronomers got shots of the explosion, more than 1000 fragments which is still found in different parts of the lonely continent. Eight explosions occurred in 2006; before this amount there were no wrecks only in 1993. Another Russian launch vehicle exploded in 2012, the degree of pollution has not yet been determined since The main sources of unwanted steel pollution side effects of US and Russian anti-satellite weapons tests during the cold war. And in 2007 I decided to practice and China, with the result that much more rubbish fell into orbit Imagine putting garbage bags out your door apartments. No matter how much you interlaced, one day you will have to go out. Useful graves of space “Space Graves” may be more curious to learn. Not only earthly perishes satellites, but entire planets, stars and … asteroids. Not so long ago we wrote that scientists found evidence that around the white dwarf GD 61 once rotated rocky, rich in water an asteroid – the one on which you were quite expecting to find alien, but living world. Most stars (including age 4 billion years, like our Sun) end their lives with white dwarfs after they have exhausted all their nuclear fuel. These superdense stellar coals have such strong gravity that any element heavier than helium instantly sinks to the core dwarf. Imagine astronomers wondering when they discovered that some white dwarfs are shrouded in layers of “dirt” from silicon, oxygen and other elements located higher in the periodic table. This pollution consists of “pieces of planetary systems, which fell on the central stars, “explains Jay Farigi, Cambridge University astronomer in the UK, journal Wired. By studying the elements that make up pollution, scientists can look into the past and find out what asteroids, comets consisted of and planets that hovered in the solar system. Contaminated GD 61 Farigi and his colleagues discovered a curious abundance of oxygen. First thing about scientists thought – most of the asteroid was carbon dioxide in the form of dry ice. The trouble is that around GD 61 no carbon dioxide could not be found. Therefore the only a viable chemical substance containing an abundance of oxygen, there could only be water. According to the journal Science, a group of scientists suggested that the GD 61 was a “crushed” rocky asteroid, containing 26 to 28 percent water by weight. Approximately with West in our asteroid belt, the asteroid revolved around a white dwarf precursor, an A type star that was a little more than our sun. After the death of a star, strong gravity the white dwarf apparently pulled the asteroid and tore it to pieces. Water-rich asteroids are considered important in the formation of habitable planets, because they crash into them and supply life-giving moisture – water. And although we “of course cannot rewind time” to look at how the GD 61 looked to death, Farigi says, discovery of an asteroid indicates that the system was present Earth-type building blocks. In the future, the astronomer hopes take a look at the system using a powerful telescope like ALMA, which Chile, and see if any survivors remain disaster of planets, well, or other asteroids from the belt from which a suicide bomber came out of water. Search for water-rich asteroids near the white dwarf gives long-term hope that life can again bloom at these dead stars, says John Debesh, an astronomer from Space Science Telescope Institute in Baltimore, also not directly involved in this study. After that as a star dies a painful death, white dwarfs remain stable for billions of years, which means possible relapse of life, so to speak. The only problem is that the planet should be close enough to white a dwarf to get the necessary heat – as close as the destroyed asteroid was located to GD 61. If in the system planets located within these limits will be discovered, Farigi’s team will try to find the same water that was in the destroyed asteroid. What does this say throughout the galaxy? That on such “space graves” we can determine the shadows for a long time past past, with all their diversity, living and nonliving chemistry. So, the circle of potentially detectable objects with life is much wider than we can imagine. Concerning garbage in the Earth’s orbit, only ours will judge us for it descendants.
Water Time Gravity Life Rockets Russia Sun USA Telescope
