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Is there life elsewhere in the universe or what are the results extraterrestrial archeology? It is becoming more likely that life surely found herself another refuge. Yes she can be too far to communicate. Yes, we may not recognize her at a meeting. Theories about the existence of extraterrestrial life next to us varied from erroneous to frankly stupid.
How the Vikings searched for life on Mars
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In the 70s, NASA “Vikings” lander explored Martian soil, eagerly looking for signs of life on Krasnaya the planet. Although they did not find any actual microorganisms, in traces of carbon dioxide were found in the collected samples. Some scientists studied the results of extraterrestrial archeology and came to the conclusion that living organisms were once on the planet and produced these compounds.
The findings have been disputed for many decades. Not so long ago scientists concluded that gland particles present in Martian soil (due to which it is red), can be oxidized thanks to carbon compounds that are naturally are present in it.
Although the Viking data do not indicate the presence of Martians, carbon in the soil may indicate that once life on the planet did exist. Today’s research is focused for the most part not on the search for living organisms, but already on the study whether the atmosphere of Mars could save traces of life even after long period of time.
Arthur Clark and Martian Vegetation
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Famous science fiction writer and screenwriter Arthur Clarke He believed in life on Mars for a long time. In 2001, Clark uploaded several NASA photos taken by Mars Global Surveyor and some I saw trees on them.
Clark gathered people in his home in Sri Lanka and showed them pictures with comments. Clark said, “I take it seriously when look at these new pictures of Mars. Something is actually moving and varies depending on the time of year, which suggests how minimum vegetation. “In another interview, he joked:” Now I convinced that Mars is inhabited by a race of crazy landscape gardeners. ”
In fact, the pictures were just sand dunes covered with frozen carbon dioxide. Over time, dark sand poured with dunes, leaving stripes that could be mistaken for trees, if rich imagination.
Crazy Martian liaison experiments
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In 1820, the German mathematician Karl Friedrich Gauss decided to include Pythagoras’s work in his plans for communication with alien life on Mars. Gauss proposed to clear a large area in Siberia and sow its wheat in a form geometrically illustrating the Pythagorean theorem. After harvesting, bright yellow sown areas would contrast with dark coloring of the forest. Gauss believed that Martian observers could notice this giant triangle on earth with a small telescope.
Other strange ideas were popular in the 19th century. Astronomer Joseph Littrow proposed to dig 30-km trenches in different geometric shapes throughout the Sahara. Then fill them with kerosene and set fire to. Frenchman Charles Cro proposed building a large mirror, which can collect sunlight and burn out a message on the surface of Mars.
Martian contacts of Nikola Tesla
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Nikola Tesla was one of the most brilliant scientists in history. of humanity, but he openly lied, claiming that he received artificial signals of extraterrestrial origin. He said that signals came from Mars or Venus. However, this is not the only Tesla’s strange act.
In a letter to the New York Times, Tesla wrote about how Mars can sustain life. He studied the distance of the planets to the Sun from a point view of evolution. Venus was at a young age and could not maintain a humanoid life. The earth was in a mature state. Mars already reached old age, but passed the basic biological and technological stages of evolution.
Tesla suggests ways to improve our communications with Mars first by moving our observatories to send clean signals through the atmosphere. In 1937, Tesla’s work led him to thought he could win the Pierre Guzman prize of 100,000 francs like “the first person to find a way to contact a star and get an answer. “Competition rules precluded contact with Mars, because it “would be too easy.”
No one could surely verify Tesla’s observations, but he, probably actually discovered the pulsation of distant stars. It was far from transmitting the sensible messages that scientists talked about, but can be considered quite an impressive achievement.
Jupiter and its moons
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In the past, Jupiter was considered the most likely candidate for search for extraterrestrial life – in any case, compared with others gas giants in our solar system. It was known that its external atmosphere is cold enough to instantly freeze any life, and methane and ammonia on its surface can kill as fast, but some scientists insisted that between two regions may be a fertile zone.
It was believed that part of his atmosphere could sustain life – floating and sluggish organisms like flying jellyfish. These hypothetical creatures cannot evolve in high altitude cold areas nor go down too low. True, not so long ago confirmed that the existence of such organisms is extremely unlikely.
But the moons of Jupiter seem to be the most promising places in the solar system to maintain extraterrestrial life, and many theories say that life can exist on them and to this day. Ganymede, the largest moon of Jupiter, may maintain salt water between layers of ice. Europe at all populated by extraterrestrial organisms that hide in the underground the ocean under the moving ice of the satellite.
Io, the closest major satellite to Jupiter, lost points a bit over compared to neighbors. He is constantly bombarded by the deadly radiation. Nevertheless the possibility of the existence of life on Io not completely excluded. Io may have contained billions of liquid water years ago. And if microbes wound up in this water, they could go away deep into the moon and survive all the destructive consequences for them.
Life on Titan
In June 2010, NASA’s Cassini probe discovered that Titan’s one of the many satellites of Saturn, there is an extremely dense atmosphere. Two further studies raised many questions about nature of titanium. The first, published in Icarus magazine, showed that traces of hydrogen from Saturn’s atmosphere disappear on the surface Titanium. Another, from the journal Geographic Research, noted unexpectedly low surface hydrocarbon acetylene satellite.
NASA has suggested several possible explanations. Catalyst on the surface of the moon can convert hydrogen and acetylene to methane. Sunlight and cosmic rays may also be responsible. for the disappearance of chemicals. But the most interesting explanation – biological, they say, organisms breathe hydrogen and consume acetylene. Such an organism would be completely new without analogues on Earth. Life based on methane has not yet been found.
NASA scientists who hinted at methane life said we have no evidence of such an option. It’s just one of several possible explanations. But that did not stop the media quote NASA saying that “on Saturn’s satellite exists alien life. ”
Alleged landing module, Titan Mare Explorer, which help find the answer to the titanium methane riddle, still located in developing.
Aliens of Pluto
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In 2011, astrophysicists Ed Turner and Avi Loeb discussed the incident. at the Fukushima nuclear power plant, which taught a good lesson on the use of electricity to the people of Tokyo. The bright lights of the city gave way to dim after the disaster and subsequent reductions in energy supplies. Turner and Loeb claimed that such drastic changes would be noticeable observers who are 30 times farther than Pluto.
Proposed Large Synoptic Research Telescope will take pictures of the whole night sky for several days or so Togo. Changes in the light of celestial bodies will be easily noticeable. Scientists suggest that in the coming decades we will be able to see for sure whether Pluto’s light is a reflection of the Sun or produced by artificial sources on a dwarf surface a planet that could become an ordinary planet again.
The continuation of these studies, of course, was the theory that life can nest inside Pluto. Scientists have suggested that the presence of tectonics on Pluto will imply the presence of warm the underground ocean – a possible habitat for life. Former moon Planet Charon may also have similar characteristics. After before NASA’s New Horizons probe gets the first shots Pluto and Charon in high resolution in 2015, we will get specific answers.
Aliens in the stratosphere
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We may not need to look too far to prove that we are not alone. Extraterrestrial life can be at a distance outstretched arms – in the stratosphere.
During Perseid peak meteor shower August 12, 2013 astrobiologists from the University of Sheffield launched a balloon on 27 kilometers high in the stratosphere. Leading Scientist, Milton Project Wainwright was surprised by the results, claiming that the back ball returned with traces of extraterrestrial life. Wainwright said particles were too heavy for the surface to be their birthplace Of the earth. Therefore, they are definitely extraterrestrial.
Skeptics have unequivocally questioned the research. Similar messages earlier necessarily turned out to be erroneous. The trust Wainwright is also questioned, as he is confident in the theory panspermia – the extraterrestrial origin of biological life through entering it by meteorites. Wainwright’s beliefs may have confused his research, and the scientist himself desired for valid.
50 billion Venusians Thomas Dick
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In the 1830s, Scottish Minister and Amateur Astronomer Thomas Dick decided to calculate the exact number of inhabitants in our solar system. Dick suggested that all celestial bodies are inhabited by life, and his interplanetary census took the population of Great Britain as a basis while. In short, the scientist decided that 50 lived on Venus billion creatures.
Dick allowed himself to make bolder statements. On Mars 15 billion Martians live, on Jupiter – several trillion Jupiterian, on Saturn – about eight trillion Saturnians, and in general, only on the rings of Saturn alone, not counting the planet.
In the entire solar system, Dick counted about 22 trillion creatures, not counting the Sun, on which they could live 31 times more than any creatures.
Solarians
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In addition to Thomas Dick and other people thought that the Sun is inhabited. (Apparently, they go outside at night when it is dark). In 1440, the theologian and the mathematician Nikolai Kuzansky wrote about the place in the sun where they live “solar beings – bright and enlightened intellectual the inhabitants. ”
These beings were supposed to be more spiritual than those who lived on the moon (lunatics). Kuzansky not burned at the stake and not excommunicated for their belief in aliens. Years later he became cardinal.
Early Mormon leaders like Brigham Young followed similar theories. Young argued that the sun was apparently populated since “was not done in vain; it was made to give light to those who lives on it and on other planets. ”
Venus Water Time Life Moon Mars NASA Nikola Tesla Pluto Saturn Sun Solar System Telescope Evolution Jupiter
