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Astrophysicist Mario Livio shares stories of five great scientific Mistakes in his new book, Outstanding Gross Mistakes. These stories primarily trying to prove that even the smartest of us may be wrong. 1. The concept of heredity Darwin In 1859 Theory of Natural Selection was founded by Charles Darwin. What makes this discovery incredible is the fact that Darwin and many of his colleagues believed in the theory of heredity. While how, following this theory, natural selection would simply be impossible. However, without acknowledging the conflict between the two opposite theories, Darwin did this incredible opening. 2. Estimation of the age of the Earth by Kelvin In the 19th century, the Lord Kelvin first used physics to calculate the age of the Earth and Of the sun. Despite the fact that both celestial bodies were approximately in 50 times younger than they really are, the discovery itself turned out to be scientific breakthrough. Lord Kelvin believed that the Earth was originally was a hot ball and then slowly cooled. He tried calculate how long it would take our planet to reach your current temperature. Unfortunately, his calculations turned out to be wrong, and later other scientists pointed out a mistake, but Kelvin preferred to disagree with their opinion, since before that he was always right. 3 Pauling James Triple Helix D. Watson and Francis Crick are known for opening the double DNA helix in 1953, but in the same year chemist Linus Pauling proposed another idea for the structure of DNA. Pauling was the greatest chemist, and even twice received the Nobel Prize, however this since the scientist made a mistake in his theory. In his opinion, instead of two twisted into a spiral strand, DNA consists of three interconnected threads. As a result, this error caused significant damage to him. reputation. 4. The Big Bang Theory Hoyle Astrophysicist Fred Hoyle was one of the authors of the famous model of the universe, which assumed that the universe is constantly in the same condition. When Hoyle learned of a controversial theory that assumed that the universe appeared as a result of some events, he called it the Big Bang Theory, and continued stay true to your theory. While at first both theories had a right to exist, Hoyle’s gravest mistake turned out to be a rejection of a new idea even after theory stationary state has fallen under a huge amount of evidence against her. 5. Space constant of Einstein Albert Einstein is undoubtedly one of the greatest minds in history, nevertheless, and he was not immune from errors. In their equations describing the principles of gravity in its general theory of relativity, published in 1916, he made a mistake. Among the terms in the equations, Einstein included the so-called cosmological constant only because he thought the universe was static. Later, when astronomers discovered that she was actually expanding, Einstein acknowledged his mistake and removed it from his equations. Only after his death, when it was discovered that The universe is not only expanding, but also expanding with constantly growing speed, it turned out that Einstein’s real mistake was it’s just that he removed this constant from the equations. Later she was returned to all the equations of the scientist.
Sergey Vasilenkov
Time universe einstein DNA
