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In January 2013, biometrics will appear in Ukraine documents. In Germany, a biometric passport was introduced in 2005 year. DW correspondent tried to find out why in Germany these documents are still the subject of heated debate. IN January 2013, Ukraine will begin issuing biometric documents. According to the new law, biometricization is provided foreign passports, internal passports, as well as a driver’s license. In addition, a single database will be created, the purpose of which is collecting information about citizens to issue relevant documents. Ukrainian human rights activists criticize the new registry, considering his interference in his personal life. Similar discussions so far are being conducted in Germany, where biometrics are issued Passports began in November 2005. In addition to photography, on built-in on one of the pages of the document chip saved and others owner information, such as last name, first name, height and eye color. Besides Moreover, since 2007 biometric passports contain fingerprints index fingers of the left and right hand, which are removed using a special scanner that reads the skin pattern person. Germany became the first EU country to introduce travel document with full biometric data of its citizens. The reason for this was the US proposal to change the format of passports for persons entering this country so that after the September 11 attacks 2001 to increase the level of document reliability.
Gradual Transition Beyond Biometric passport, in November 2010 in Germany a new looks like a credit card a card. With it, Germans can make money online transfers, make transactions, as well as draw up documents in state institutions. In addition, the new identity has a function eID (electronic Identity), which, if necessary, can confirm the user’s identity in the internet. In Germany, they switch to biometric documents gradually. German citizens can receive them upon expiration valid old passports, but no later than 2020. Passport with electronic microchip – more reliable. The criminals will now be it’s more difficult to fake them or use stolen documents, explained Tove Ernst – representative of European Commissioner Cecilia Malmstrom. In addition, border guards will be able to quickly identify the authenticity of the document. “Measure unnecessary and dangerous”? Despite on the advantages of biometric passports, their introduction in Germany heated debate preceded. They were attended not only by leading politicians, but also experts in the field of protection of personal data of citizens. One of the reasons for criticism was the introduction of digital fingerprints. fingers in biometric passport. According to Thilo Weichert (Thilo Weichert), Federal Data Protection Officer Schleswig-Holstein, fingerprints will not make a passport more reliable. “The government believes that using electronic Fingerprint will increase the reliability of German passports. That’s nonsense. There is hardly any other in the world that is so protected from fakes passport, like our German, “says the expert. And Wolfgang Wieland (Wolfgang Wieland), Green Party expert, considers introduction electronic fingerprint “measure unnecessary and dangerous.” Deutsch politician refers to those opponents of electronic documents who warn of the dangers of unauthorized use biometric data. Tilo Weichert is also concerned about possible personal data abuse. “First of all, we are talking about countries with less developed democracy than ours. We do not know what they can make with personal data, including prints fingers, “says a German expert. According to him, at this moment when reading information from electronic chips passports still use the same technology as in 2007 year. Although even then experts talked about its main disadvantage: when reading information, the microchip does not check, it has whether the scanner has the right to access electronic data. Moreover, data stored on an electronic microchip can be read even in If the passport is in your pocket or bag. “Already in 2007 year we advised to wear biometric passports in a special case to prevent illegal reading biometric data of the document, “the expert emphasized. Using special equipment can also track the route the movement of the owner of the biometric document. Fears not confirmed however, according to Julian Heinrich (Juliane Heinrich), spokesperson for the authorized German government to protect personal data, the fears of experts did not materialize. IN talking to DW she explained that the ability to read information, stored on electronic media are very limited. “The passport, as well as the internal identification card, contains confidential biometric data that can be accessed get only employees of the relevant services, for example, border – when checking personal documents, “she said. By According to Juliana Heinrich, cases of misuse biometric data in Germany is unknown. Listening to criticized by experts, the FRG authorities introduced newer equipment for reading data from electronic chips on identity cards. To prevent illegal access to information on a microchip, the latter automatically checks whether the scanner has access to electronic data. But, as Tilo Weichert emphasized, even such innovations do not guarantee complete safety, therefore it is necessary constantly improve the technology used.
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