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The development of bronchial asthma is a complex process, a significant role in which is played by immune mechanisms. It is because of them that it starts inflammatory process in the bronchi, causing their hyperreactivity. As it turned out, the main culprit of this pathological process are T-helpers of the second type. At the moment there is no single opinions on what exactly triggers the mediated immune reaction. There are a lot of versions. Some rely on: • characteristics of the allergen to which the individual is sensitive; •a dose of an allergen that is sufficient for the development of an immune response; •spontaneous transformation of ordinary T-helpers into cells of the second type, caused by exposure to cytokines (e.g., interleukin-4) and etc.
It is worth noting that the above-mentioned interleukin refers to major cytokines, due to the effect of which B-lymphocytes begin synthesize immunoglobulins E.
In turn, immunoglobulins interact with the allergen and mast cell receptors, activate the release of mediators, due to which acute manifestations of an allergic reaction occur. Scientists plan to find the missing links, because only in this way it will be possible to effectively resist the disease.
