A photo from open sources According to the laws of biology, man and woman make approximately the same genetic contribution to the future generation. But on the scale of the history of mankind, he was far unequal. A group of researchers from the Institute of Evolutionary anthropology Max Planck, led by Mark Stonking (Mark Stoneking) found that throughout the lifetime of people, the number of mothers usually exceeded number of fathers. In fact, this means that human DNA was noted far more women than men.
A photo from open sources During their work, scientists compared male inherited genetic diversity Y-chromosomes with a female-passing mitochondrial DNA line (mt DNA) for 623 men from the 51st population. Earlier in the study the genetic history of mankind these sources of hereditary The information was investigated by different methods, and their comparison was limited. In the new work, specialists used the developed them sequencing method (reading sequence nucleotides) Y-chromosomes with high resolution. It allowed make a direct comparison of the “male chromosome” with mt-DNA. So Scientists have carried out a deeper analysis of the gene pool on regional level, which allows you to determine paternal and maternal effect on individual populations. New data confirmed the results of previous studies. Scientists earlier reported that if we consider human populations in globally, the Y chromosome has a larger number genetic differences than on mt DNA. The exception here is only southeast asia. In the article published in the journal Investigative Genetics, German researchers write that numerical preponderance on the female side took place during the migration from African continent and persisted throughout all subsequent relocation of people. According to the model of the Stoneing group, the ancestral the population before migration from Africa consisted of 60 women and 30 men. Of course, the first people were much more, but the rest did not make such a tangible contribution to the genome of modern person. By the time the first resettlement began, about 70 thousand years ago, these rates fell to 25 women to 15 men. IN Further, after migration to Europe, about 45 thousand years ago, it the ratio, according to the study, looked like 100 to 30. Researchers believe that the main factors of this redistribution of forces turned out to be male polygamy, that is, the connection one man with many women, and common in most cultures have female monogamy when a wife seeks follow the husband. It was they who led the women to contribute greater contribution to the human gene pool than men.
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