A photo from open sources Until now, people are arguing about who laid the foundation of the invention of the electromagnetic telegraph, and then created its most successful design. Recognized glory of domestic world-famous scientist A.S. Popov, who implemented the transfer signals at a distance using radio waves, will not fade at all, if we say that the basis of the electromagnetic telegraph created back in early 30s of the nineteenth century, Russian scientist P.L. Schilling, and most successful, worldwide recognized telegraph design of the first generation is associated with the name of the American Samuel Morse. Samuel Finley Breeze Morse (Samuel Finley Breese Morse) was born on April 27 1791 in Charlestown, Massachusetts. Getting humanitarian education at Yale College, Morse went to the UK learn painting. In 1811, when this happened, no one else could have imagined the future of a young artist. Four years later Morse returned to his homeland, settled in New York and received recognition of a professional portrait painter by writing several historical canvases. Significant for Morse code and all world science became 1832 year. On board the Sally steamer crossing the Atlantic, Morse met Dr. Jackson, occupant leisure passengers stories about experiments with an electromagnetic telegraph. The stories Jackson, far from electricity, based on Paris exhibitions, deeply sunk into the head of the impressionable Samuel Morse. Meanwhile, the artist’s career was going up: he got a place professors of aesthetics at the newly opened new york university and enjoyed the life of a university professor. All free Morse devoted time to developing a “writing” electromagnetic telegraph, which he drew from Jackson’s words on steamboat. Next came a chain of almost random circumstances, at the epicenter who was a professor of aesthetics Morse. By the way, fateful inventions often happen that way – accidentally or on the brink research related disciplines. A housemate was his colleague with Faculty of Chemistry L. Gale. He recommended the tireless Morse to get acquainted with the work of a professor of physics at Prinsky Joseph State University (New Jersey, Near New York City) Henry – the discoverer of the phenomenon of self-induction – and gave several useful tips. By then (1833) Henry had spent several experiments on electromagnetism, the results of which subsequently formed the basis of modern electrical engineering (in particular, telegraph communication). Henry was the first to design multi-layer electromagnets multi-turn coils by applying an insulated winding wire. Of particular importance in the progress of the electromagnetic telegraph was Henry’s invention of an electromagnetic relay with which you can remotely turn on any electrical load and switch contacts. The professors found a common language among themselves, and Samuel Morse’s creative vision prompted him further practical application of Henry’s inventions. So the idea was born create a system of code signals implemented using remote switching of electromagnetic point and dash relays (respectively, their short and long inclusion), safely embodied by Samuel Morse. Morse code named for her inventor, for a long time was the main local and international code messages. And now, in The 11th year of the 21st century, when the whole world is celebrating the 220th anniversary of the birth of the inventor, it is still relevant, is used in transmitting radio signals. The only novelty is that today there are computer systems generating and transmitting code (from points and dash) in automatic mode (there is no need to “knock with a key”). But in the amateur radio movement, Morse code remains mandatory attribute: for passing qualification exams for advanced category – its knowledge and ability to work “key” strictly required. Such an indispensable contribution to world history. professor of aesthetics.
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